Relationships between the quadrupole moment and the internal layers of the Sun

Physics

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Scientific paper

The study of the structure of the internal layers of the Sun by a geometrical approach could seem banal if the solar fundamental parameters are considered as absolute quantities. The solar diameter is a convincing example of these absolute quantities whereas its value is not known with accuracy. On the contrary, if the solar parameters are regarded as functions of the radius and of the latitude, the physical behavior of these functions permits one to access both to the solar structure anomalies and solar physical processes, which are not at all negligeable. This paper presents the modelisation of the quadrupole moment of the Sun, which is a parameter directly linked to the distortion of the gravitational potential. The result of the modelisation of J2, taking into account the differential rotation, shows that this potential distortion is the signature of the shear observed in the tachocline and in the subsurface, a thin layer that we propose to call leptocline. Moreover, the theoretical computation of J2 at the surface (1.60.10-7) will be confronted to the future values measured in space by means of the Picard microsatellite.

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