Reflectance characteristics of uniform earth and cloud surfaces derived from Nimbus-7 ERB

Physics

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Cloud Cover, Earth Radiation Budget Experiment, Earth Surface, Nimbus 7 Satellite, Surface Properties, Albedo, Earth Radiation Budget, Snow, Solar Position, Spectral Reflectance, Water, Zenith

Scientific paper

The effect of solar zenith angle (SZA) on the reflectance characteristics of terrestrial surfaces is investigated in data obtained with the Nimbus-7 earth-radiation-budget (ERB) instrument on 61 days during 1978-1979. Ground-based measurements and data from the Nimbus-7 temperature-humidity IR radiometer are used for comparison, and the results are presented in graphs and maps. It is found that increasing SZA leads to increased specularity in water, land, snow, and clouds; increased albedo in all surfaces except snow; and a change from limb darkening to limb brightening in land and cloud surfaces. Water surfaces exhibit limb brightening at all SZAs.

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