Reactivation of ancient rift systems triggers devastating intraplate earthquakes

Details Reactivation of ancient rift systems triggers devastating intraplate earthquakes Reactivation of ancient rift systems triggers devastating intraplate earthquakes

Mar 2009

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2009georl..3605301k&link_type=abstract

Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 36, Issue 5, CiteID L05301

Physics

2

Seismology: Seismicity And Tectonics (1207, 1217, 1240, 1242), Seismology: Tomography (6982, 8180), Structural Geology: Local Crustal Structure, Tectonophysics: Dynamics And Mechanics Of Faulting (8004)

Scientific paper

Large historical and recent intraplate earthquakes have been concentrated along a contractional zone at the eastern margin of the Japan Sea back-arc basin. Here we present high-resolution three-dimensional tomographic imaging of seismic velocities in this zone using data from a dense seismograph deployment. We discover that stepwise and tilted block structures of the basement, which are geophysical evidence of a Miocene rift system, are widely distributed beneath the thick sedimentary basin. Most aftershocks following recent intraplate earthquakes align roughly along the tilted block boundaries and are controlled by weaknesses associated with buried rift systems. Furthermore, slow anomalies are localized beneath the seismogenic zones, suggesting that fluids may have locally weakened the strength of the lower crust. We propose that stress loading through ductile creeping of the weak lower crust reactivates pre-existing weak faults within ancient rift systems, leading to devastating intraplate earthquakes.

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