Reaction-driven fracturing during replacement processes and metamorphism

Details Reaction-driven fracturing during replacement processes and metamorphism Reaction-driven fracturing during replacement processes and metamorphism

Dec 2008

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2008agufmmr14a..07j&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2008, abstract #MR14A-07

Physics

3653 Fluid Flow, 4460 Pattern Formation, 5104 Fracture And Flow, 5112 Microstructure, 5114 Permeability And Porosity

Scientific paper

Hydration reactions involving igneous or high-grade metamorphic rocks often cause a significant increase in local volume at the site of reaction. Because such volatilization reactions are triggered by infiltration of external fluids and occur relatively far from thermodynamic equilibrium, they are often fast enough to produce sufficient stress perturbations to drive local fracturing. Microstructural studies show numerous examples of such small scale reaction-driven fracturing both within the reacting mineral grains and in the surrounding rock matrix. Small scale fractures often link up to form fracture networks that promotes further fluid infiltration, more reaction, more stress build up, more fracturing etc. etc. We believe that such self-accelerating coupling between reactions, fracturing, and fluid migration provides a first-order control on the rate of hydration of the Earth's crust both during metamorphism and during lower-temperature processes such as weathering. We present experimental studies that constrain under what conditions replacement reactions may cause fracturing near the reacting interface, both in synthetic and natural materials. Examples of natural reaction- driven fracturing at a wide range of scales will be presented with focus on serpentinization. Finally, a simple mechanical model will be presented to illustrate the most pertinent features of the hierarchical fragmentation process that arise from reaction-driven fracturing and demonstrate how this process may cause an overall acceleration of the hydration process. Relevant references Iyer, K., Jamtveit, B., Mathiesen, J., Malthe- Sørenssen, A., and Feder, J., 2007. Reaction-assisted hierarchical fracturing during serpentinization. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 267, 503-516. Jamtveit, B, Austrheim, H., and Malthe-Sørensen, A., 2000. Accelerated hydration of the Earth's deep crust induced by stress perturbations. Nature, 408, 75-79 Jamtveit, B., Malthe-Sørenssen, A., and Kostenko, O., 2008a. Reaction enhanced permeability during retrogressive metamorphism. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 267, 620-627. Jamtveit, B., Putnis, C., Malthe- Sørenssen, A., 2008b. Reaction induced fracturing during replacement processes. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, DOI 10.1007/s00410-008-0324-y Malthe-Sørenssen, A., Jamtveit, B., and Meakin, P., 2006. Fracture patterns generated by diffusion-controlled volume changing reactions. Phys. Rev. Letters, 96, art no. 245501

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