Radial diffusion of inner-zone protons - Observations and variational analysis

Details Radial diffusion of inner-zone protons - Observations and variational analysis Radial diffusion of inner-zone protons - Observations and variational analysis

Feb 1976

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1976jgr....81..585c&link_type=abstract

Journal of Geophysical Research, vol. 81, Feb. 1, 1976, p. 585-594.

Physics

2

Diffusion Coefficient, Distribution Functions, Inner Radiation Belt, Proton Belts, Atmospheric Density, Atmospheric Models, Fokker-Planck Equation, Magnetosheath, Magnetospheric Proton Density, Neutron Spectra, Ov-1 Satellites, Spectroscopic Analysis, Transport Properties, Variational Principles

Scientific paper

The inner-zone proton distribution function at a vanishing second invariant J is constructed for L values between 1.18 and 2 on the basis of unidirectional spectra derived from measurements of omnidirectional proton intensities (proton energies from 9 to 310 MeV) in seven energy channels of a spectrometer on board the satellite OV1-19. The profiles of the obtained distribution function are manipulated by apause in the afternoon magnetosheath, (2) the proton bursts often correlate with depressions in the sheath magnetic field and usually correlate with enhanced magnetic-field turbulence, (3) the directional distributions generally coincide with the plasma flow direction, (4) the flux intensities show a fairly good correlation with Kp index, (5) the peak unidirectional spectra and fluxes in the sheath near the magnetopause are often quite similar to those in the nearby magnetosphere, (6) the main fluxes of upstream protons usually come from the solar-wind direction, and (7) magnetopause boundary-layer effects are often associated with the fluxes. It is shown that many features of the directional distributions can be explained through a combination of the Compton-Getting effect, proton-flux spatial gradients, and free streaming of protons along field lines away from the source region. Possible sources of the sheath protons considered include escape from the magnetosphere, acceleration in the magnetosheath, acceleration in the bow shock, and acceleration in the upstream wave region with leakage into the magnetosheath.

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