Questions and Implications of an Accelerating Universe Inferred from Type Ia Supernovae Observations.

Details Questions and Implications of an Accelerating Universe Inferred from Type Ia Supernovae Observations. Questions and Implications of an Accelerating Universe Inferred from Type Ia Supernovae Observations.

Apr 2001

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2001aps..aprb14009c&link_type=abstract

American Physical Society, April Meeting, April 28 - May 1, 2001 Washington, DC Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol.

Mathematics

Logic

Scientific paper

Measurements of distance to Type Ia supernovae have been interpreted as evidence for an accelerating expansion of the Universe. There is, however, no known compatible theoretical framework to account for this effect. Proposed mechanisms include introduction of a new type of matter (``dark energy" or ``quintessence") or invocation of Einstein's cosmological constant which, in modern terms, corresponds to vacuum energy associated with quantum fluctuations. Yet there are no experimental observations to support the existence of such matter or energy associated with our Universe. The goal of the present work is to examine whether the conclusion that the Universe is accelerating is conclusive. Evidence for an accelerating expansion is based on measurements of the redshift and luminosity of supernovae billions of light years away. These measurements depend on the velocity of light which itself depends on the medium of propagation. Hence it is critical to analyze the properties of the medium; of relevance are the mean matter density, the critical density, the Hubble time and the deceleration parameter. Our analysis focuses on the fact that these quantities are not constant in time but rather change as the Universe expands. The results and conclusion of our investigation will be discussed.

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