Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Scientific paper
2002-03-06
Phys.Rev. D65 (2002) 125003
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
7 revtex pages, few references corrected and added, final version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevD.65.125003
We discuss some interesting aspects of the $\rm Q$-ball formation during the early oscillations of the flat directions. These oscillations are triggered by the running of soft $({\rm mass})^2$ stemming from the nonzero energy density of the Universe. However, this is quite different from the standard $\rm Q$-ball formation. The running in presence of gauge and Yukawa couplings becomes strong if $m_{1/2}/m_0$ is sufficiently large. Moreover, the $\rm Q$-balls which are formed during the early oscillations constantly evolve, due to the redshift of the Hubble-induced soft mass, until the low-energy supersymmtery breaking becomes dominant. For smaller $m_{1/2}/m_0$, $\rm Q$-balls are not formed during early oscillations because of the shrinking of the instability band due to the Hubble expansion. In this case the $\rm Q$-balls are formed only at the weak scale, but typically carry smaller charges, as a result of their amplitude redshift. Therefore, the Hubble-induced corrections to the flat directions give rise to a successful $\rm Q$-ball cosmology.
Allahverdi Rouzbeh
Mazumdar Anupam
Ozpineci Altug
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