Physics – General Physics
Scientific paper
2008-05-15
Physics
General Physics
6 pages, 2 tables, v2: minor revisions
Scientific paper
Proper times associated with Milky Way's rotation curve have been computed outside the framework of general relativity. It is proposed that the flat Minkowski metric can deviate in different ways for different two body systems. This effect is more pronounced on galactic scale due to large variations in gravitational potential caused by non-uniform distribution of galactic matter. When the proper times of stars which are functions of the deviation factors, and the virial mass of the galaxy are introduced in modified Newtonian dynamics, they yield precise values of circular velocities for the stars of the Milky Way. So the formalism becomes comparable to MOND formalism except that the virial mass is used and the MOND constant acceleration parameter gets replaced by a variable expression related to the proper time. Hence it becomes possible to extract an equivalent variable acceleration parameter which is of the same order of magnitude as the constant MOND parameter. This leads to the conclusion that the MOND theory provides an ad hoc empirical expression for the effect of proper time on Newtonian dynamics. The expression for proper time derived here when introduced in Kepler's third law gives us a modified law that satisfies both the solar system dynamics as well as the galactic rotation curves. The discussion is focused on Milky Way but the theory can be extended to other galaxies. Gravitational redshift of light, bending of light and perihelic precession of planets are within the permissible limits and this part of the theory called the periodic relativity (PR) also satisfy Einstein's field equations. The theory yields a very accurate and precise value for the anomalous acceleration of the Pioneer spacecraft.
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