Progress in absolute distance interferometry

Physics – Optics

Scientific paper

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Carbon Dioxide Lasers, Laser Interferometry, Laser Range Finders, Michelson Interferometers, Two-Wavelength Lasers, Accuracy, Adaptive Optics, Breadboard Models, Diffraction Patterns, Frequency Stability, Infrared Lasers, Laser Stability, Noise Spectra, Quantum Electronics, Signal Processing, Switching Circuits, Telescopes

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Scientific paper

Abstract

This paper describes the results of recent research undertaken to examine the feasibility of employing laser interferometry to precisely measure absolute distance over extended ranges. Results are presented which show a resolution of 0.03 microns (RMS) for measurements over distances up to 10 meters. The technology developed for achieving these results is based on two-color synthetic Michelson interferometry employing a new CO2 laser source. Indeed, the new laser is the key element in this process: it was specifically designed to sequentially switch between four sets of stable R- and P-line pairs, and thereby provide a basis for forming simultaneous equations which were employed to greatly reduce the half-wavelength ambiguity typical of single wavelength inteferometers. Potential applications to future optical telescopes, particularly the large, multipanel telescopes under consideration for 10-15 years hence, affecting their initial alignment and control are suggested.

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