Physics
Scientific paper
Mar 2006
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006jphcs..31.....m&link_type=abstract
Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Volume 31, Issue 1, pp. (2006).
Physics
Scientific paper
In the last decade, we have seen a remarkable progress in observations by air-borne and satellite-loaded detectors as well as large ground-based telescopes. Cosmological parameters have been precisely determined. For example, the age of the Universe is about 14 Gyrs and the curvature of our 3-space is almost zero. We have also recognized that most of the matter content of the Universe is unknown, the mystery of Dark Energy and Dark Matter. When we look at compact objects in the Universe, recent observations of supernovae and gamma ray bursts (up to cosmological distances) have revealed a variety of high energy astrophysical phenomena much beyond our expectations. Also found are quite exotic astrophysical objects such as magnetars and probably quark stars.
Now we have a lot of new observational data. The present theoretical understanding, on the other hand, is far behind such observational advances. We may need new ideas to solve such problems. In the late 20th century, astrophysicists have learned much from particle physics and nuclear physics, resulting in the deeper understanding of how the big bang universe expands and stars evolve. Then we would like to extend this practice in different directions.
This volume contains lectures and contributed papers presented at ``The Third 21COE Symposium: Astrophysics as Interdisciplinary Science'', which was held at Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan, on September 1 3, 2005. The aim of the symposium is to obtain new insights into the important themes mentioned above by bringing together the latest ideas from various fields. In the symposium, we have discussed not only such mysterious and important astrophysical or cosmological objects but also some subjects closely related with other fields such as nonlinear dynamics, statistical physics and condensed matter physics. Hence the main topics in the symposium have included formations of large-scale structures, galaxies, stellar clusters as well as the nature of condensed matter in high energy compact objects, and that of dark matter and dark energy of the universe. This is in accord with the purpose of The 21st century COE program, "Holistic Research and Education Center for Physics of Self-organization Systems". We hope that the symposium and the discussions therein will be the first step for the productive collaborations in the 21st century.
The symposium was sponsored by the Waseda University Grant for International Conference Operation and the 21st century COE program of Waseda University, "the Holistic Research and Education Center for Physics of Self-organization Systems". Tokyo, January, 2006
Daishido Tsuneaki
Maeda Kei--ichi
Yamada Shoichi
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