Predicting Propagation Timing Delays in the Interplanetary Magnetic Field

Details Predicting Propagation Timing Delays in the Interplanetary Magnetic Field Predicting Propagation Timing Delays in the Interplanetary Magnetic Field

Dec 2001

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2001agufmsm51d..07w&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2001, abstract #SM51D-07

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2134 Interplanetary Magnetic Fields, 2722 Forecasting, 2784 Solar Wind/Magnetosphere Interactions, 2794 Instruments And Techniques

Scientific paper

Experimental observations of solar wind-magnetosphere coupling processes and terrestrial "space weather" predictions rely heavily on measurements of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) at the L1 orbit. Our previous investigation with simultaneous measurements of the IMF with four spacecraft at various locations (ACE, Wind, IMP-8, and Geotail) has found that the "phase front" of the fluctuations in IMF often is tilted at an angle. The tilt angle varies on a scale of minutes to tens of minutes. It had been shown that this tilting causes significant errors in the calculation of the propagation delay times from ACE to other locations, if they are determined only by the separation distance and solar wind velocity in the GSE X direction. Accurate timings depend on a knowledge of the orientation or tilt angle of the phase front plane, and this angle can vary significantly in a few hours or minutes. This orientation can be determined from simultaneous IMF measurements by three or more spacecraft, but this is not a practical method for routine operations when data from only one spacecraft at L1 are available, particularly in real time. This dilemma has led to the question of whether or not the phase plane orientation can be determined from a single satellite measurement alone. Recently it has been found that the "minimum variance" technique can be used to address this problem. Through the use of multiple-satellite measurements, the tilt angle and time delays that are determined by the minimum variance with just one satellite can be tested against the actual delays. It has been found that the success of this method is highly dependent on both the number of IMF measurements used for each calculation and on the rejection criteria for indeterminate results. Experimental tests of the optimal parameters for the minimum variance analysis and the quality of the plane determination will be presented.

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