Physics
Scientific paper
Jul 2000
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2000came.work..196l&link_type=abstract
Concepts and Approaches for Mars Exploration, p. 196
Physics
Mars Missions, Mars Exploration, Mars (Planet), Autonomous Navigation, Aircraft, Low Altitude, Site Selection, Data Acquisition
Scientific paper
The rough Martian terrain significantly impedes high speed travel by wheeled vehicles and much of it is simply inaccessible given the capability of typical rover designs. Airplanes, however, have much greater range and can provide access to scientifically interesting terrain that is inaccessible to landers and rovers. Moreover, they can provide coverage of a large portion of the surface and return high resolution images and science data not practical from orbiting spacecraft. Precise navigation on Earth requires a constellation of satellites such as GPS (Global Positioning Satellites) or a network of precisely located and calibrated ground beacons, an approach that is impractical for Mars exploration in the near future. In order to realize the benefits of airplane exploration on Mars, a precision navigation system is required. Such a system also provides a high degree of autonomous capability because it enables: (1) Accurate overflight of specifically targeted sites. (2) Hazard avoidance in low altitude flight. (3) The collection of 'focused' science data which reduces overall data volume and supports an optimized data return strategy (4) Accurate spatial and temporal correlation of acquired science data with orbiter observations. (5) A geodetically referenced site survey capability. (6) A soft landing capability by providing in-flight landing site selection and terminal guidance. (7) Return to a base station following flight. (8) Precise placement of science probes and future navigation beacons. SAIC's Center for Intelligent Systems (SAIC-CIS) leverages on experience from unmanned vehicle research to propose a concept for an intelligent landmark navigation system that relies on autonomous real-time recognition of visible surface features during flight.
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