Physics
Scientific paper
Apr 2008
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2008georl..3507802s&link_type=abstract
Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 35, Issue 7, CiteID L07802
Physics
11
Atmospheric Processes: Atmospheric Electricity, Atmospheric Processes: Lightning, Atmospheric Processes: General Or Miscellaneous
Scientific paper
Based on analyses of high-speed video recordings of cloud-to-ground lightning in Brazil and the USA, the characteristics of positive cloud-to-ground (+CG) leaders are presented. The high frame rates permitted the average, 2-dimensional speeds of development along the paths of the channels to be resolved with good accuracy. The values range from 0.3 to 6.0 × 105 ms-1 with a mean of 2.7 × 105 ms-1. Contrary to what is usually assumed, downward +CG leader speeds are similar to downward -CG leader speeds. Our observations also show that the speeds tend to increase by a factor of 1.1 to 6.5 as they approach the ground. The presence of short duration, recoil leaders (RLs) during the development of positive leaders reveal a highly branched structure that is not usually recorded when using conventional photographic and video cameras. The existence of the RLs may help to explain observations of UHF-VHF radiation during the development of +CG flashes.
Ballarotti Mauricio G.
Campos Leandro Z. S.
Cummins Kenneth L.
Fleenor Stacy A.
Krider Philip E.
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