Polycapillary optics: status, limitations, and prospects

Physics – Optics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Recent developments in the design, fabrication and applications of polycapillary optics for x-rays and neutrons have produced impressive new results and possibilities. These include x-ray and neutron probe measurements; diffraction based structural analysis of thin metal and magnetic films, powders, and protein crystals; x-ray lithographic patterning of integrated electronics and microstructures; and materials and medical imaging applications. Advances in the understanding, control, and reproducibility of fabrication parameters along with recent commercial availability of these optics have increased their accessibility and broadened their application base. This will likely lead to the incorporation of polycapillary optic components in a variety of commercial x-ray and neutron analysis systems. Expansion of the effective x-ray energy range downward to 0.3 and upward to 80 keV opens new possibilities, especially for medical and astronomical applications. Quantitative agreement between computer simulations and observed properties of both individual capillaries and complete lens structures provides not only a reliable basis for design of custom optics for a particular source or application, but also provides a firm basis for defining the limitations of polycapillary optics. The broad range of demonstrated applications, as well as limitations and prospects for polycapillary optics will be discussed.

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