Plasmaspheric outflows contribution to the magnetospheric populations

Physics

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[2730] Magnetospheric Physics / Magnetosphere: Inner, [2768] Magnetospheric Physics / Plasmasphere

Scientific paper

Plasma plumes, forming in the outer plasmasphere and released outwards, constitute a well-established mode for plasmaspheric material release to the magnetosphere. They are associated to active periods and the related electric field change. In 1992 Lemaire and Shunk proposed the existence of an additional mode for plasmaspheric material release to the Earth’s magnetosphere: a plasmaspheric wind, steadily transporting cold plasmaspheric plasma outwards across the geomagnetic field lines. This has been proposed on a theoretical basis. Direct detection of this wind has, however, eluded observation in the past. Analysis of ion measurements, acquired in the outer plasmasphere by the CIS experiment onboard the four Cluster spacecraft, provide now an experimental confirmation of the plasmaspheric wind. This wind has been systematically detected during quiet and moderately active conditions, and calculations show that it could provide a substantial contribution to the magnetospheric populations outside the Earth’s plasmasphere.

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