Photon counting cryogenic detectors for ground-based and space telescopes

Physics – Optics

Scientific paper

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Space Optics, Telescopes

Scientific paper

Superconducting tunnel junctions (STJs), applied as photon counting detectors, combine intrinsic energy resolution with good detection efficiency and high count rate capability in a wide energy range, from the near infared to the X-ray. The STJ development programme in the Science Payloads and Advanced Concepts Office of the European Space Agency (ESA) focuses on single STJs, small arrays and STJ-absorber structures in different materials for application in the UV-VIS and soft X-ray bands. S-CAM is a cryogenic camera for ground-based optical astronomy deployed at the 4.2m William Herschel Telescope at La Palma (Spain). The 3rd generation of S-Cam, presently under development will use a 10×12 array of Ta STJs. For the soft X-ray band (50-3000 eV) a STJ-based instrument with an active area of 7×7mm2 is proposed as part of the payload of the X-ray Evolving Spectroscopy Mission (XEUS), currently under study at ESA.

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