Patterns and causes of longitude-dependent variation in total electron content at the equatorial anomaly

Physics

Scientific paper

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[2415] Ionosphere / Equatorial Ionosphere

Scientific paper

The terrestrial ionosphere has significant spatial variations in its electron density. One of these is the equatorial anomaly, which is thought to be generated by electromagnetic drift forces which cause electrons to move upward and then descend along field lines to higher latitudes. Given this mechanism, we test the conjecture that longitudinal variations in the equatorial magnetic field have a direct effect on the anomaly's magnitude and location. To assess the magnitude and location of the anomaly, we use total electron content (TEC) measurements from the world wide GPS geodetic receiver network, which observes differential delays between dual-frequency coherent transmissions. The global nature of the GPS measurement network allows spatial and temporal TEC distributions to be monitored. In general, the impact of local variations in the geomagnetic field on TEC is poorly understood globally. We analyze equatorial TEC data across recent years of geomagnetically quiet observations to determine any linear correlations with the magnetic field intensity. Our results suggest that magnetic field intensity is not a dominant influence on longitudinal TEC variation along the anomaly. We then compare our results with independent lines of evidence in search of an explanation to account for the observed longitudinal variation.

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