Physics – Quantum Physics
Scientific paper
2010-02-24
Physics
Quantum Physics
10 pages, 4 figures, to appear in the Journal of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering -- a special issue in memor
Scientific paper
We review some counterintuitive properties of standard measures describing quantum entanglement and violation of Bell's inequality (often referred to as "nonlocality") in two-qubit systems. By comparing the nonlocality, negativity, concurrence, and relative entropy of entanglement, we show: (i) ambiguity in ordering states with the entanglement measures, (ii) ambiguity of robustness of entanglement in lossy systems and (iii) existence of two-qubit mixed states more entangled than pure states having the same negativity or nonlocality. To support our conclusions, we performed a Monte Carlo simulation of $10^6$ two-qubit states and calculated all the entanglement measures for them. Our demonstration of the relativity of entanglement measures implies also how desirable is to properly use an operationally-defined entanglement measure rather than to apply formally-defined standard measures. In fact, the problem of estimating the degree of entanglement of a bipartite system cannot be analyzed separately from the measurement process that changes the system and from the intended application of the generated entanglement.
Horst Bohdan
Koper Andrzej
Miranowicz Adam
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