Physics
Scientific paper
Oct 1992
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1992jgr....9715967m&link_type=abstract
Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227), vol. 97, no. E10, p. 15,967-15,976.
Physics
33
Domes (Geology), Planetary Geology, Venus Surface, Magma, Rhyolite
Scientific paper
A comparison between the shape of seven large domes on the plains of Venus (volumes between 100 and 1000 cu cm) and that of an axisymmetric gravity current spreading over a rigid horizontal surface is presented. Both the altimetric profiles and the horizontal projection of the line of intersection of domes on the synthetic aperture radar images agree well with the theoretical similarity solution for a Newtonian fluid but not with the shape calculated for a rigid-plastic rheology or with that for a static model with a strong skin. The stress induced by the flow in the plains material below is obtained, and is found to be large enough to produce the short radial cracks in the surface of the plains beyond the domes. The viscosity of the domes can be estimated from their thermal time constant if spreading is possible only when the fluid is hot and lies between 10 exp 14 and 10 exp 17 Pa s. Laboratory experiments show that such viscosities correspond to temperatures of 610 to 700 C in dry rhyolitic magmas. It is shown that dome development can be understood using simple fluid dynamical ideas and that the magmas involved can be produced by wet melting at depths below 10 km, followed by eruption and degassing.
Ford Peter G.
Liu Fang
McKenzie Dan
Pettengill Gordon H.
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