Physics
Scientific paper
Sep 1993
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1993georl..20.1903g&link_type=abstract
Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8534), vol. 20, no. 18, p. 1903-1906.
Physics
14
Crack Propagation, Finite Element Method, Seismology, Shear Stress, Tensile Stress, Iceland, Lava
Scientific paper
The South Iceland seismic zone is a 20-60 km-wide (north-south) and up to 70 km-long zone of north and north-northeast trending Holocene arrays of en echelon tension fractures. These fracture arrays are related to dextral strike-slip faults buried by Holocene lava flows. In this zone, major destructive earthquake sequences occur at intervals of 45-112 years, the largest events reaching magnitude 7 (Ms). We propose that this seismic zone is located between overlapping rift-zone segments (spreading centers), where the eastern segment has been propagating to the south during the past 3 Ma. We made a finite element study of this configuration with the segments modeled as mode I cracks loaded in tension. The results suggest that the South Iceland seismic zone in general, and the north and north-northeast trending dextral faults in particular, develop in response to the shear stresses generated between the rift-zone segments.
Brynjolfsson Sigurdur
Gudmundsson Agust
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