Outstanding results of Romanian solar physics research in the frame of international cooperation and PhD grants abroad

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Flares, X-Ray And Gamma-Ray Emission, Particle Emission, Solar Wind, Sun Spots, Solar Cycles, Heliosphere/Interstellar Medium Interactions

Scientific paper

The valuable results of the Romanian solar physics group in different fields of solar and solar-terrestrial researches are revised. A new index, Qx, was defined by us in order to give an evaluation of the Soft X-Ray (SXR) flare energy, similarly to the Q index for Hα flares. Seismic emission from solar flares is distinguished by its origin in plain view above the photosphere, as opposed to convective emission, which is hidden beneath the photosphere. To understand the physics of the acoustic radiation responsible for solar quakes a systematic survey covering a large number of X-class and some M-class solar flares observed by SOHO/MDI during 1996 and 2006 has been undertaken. A number of papers present the dynamics of the solar corona in the minimum phase (1996) and during the ascending phase (1998) of the solar cycle, using spectral data of LASCO-C1/SoHO experiment. In particular, the emergence of the slow solar wind at the above mentioned solar cycle phases was studied. A series of contributions subscribe to ongoing efforts to resolve plasma's fine-scale structure and dynamics at the base of coronal holes, aiming to better identify the fast solar wind origin in low solar atmosphere. Data from the highest resolution solar spectrograph, SUMER/SoHO, in EUV emission lines from transition region and corona were analyzed. We have also analyzed the cyclic distribution of high-speed streams in solar wind during the 1964-1996 interval (Solar Cycles nos. 20-22) as compared to the classical aspect of the 11-year cycle by sunspot relative numbers (Wolf numbers). The presence in heliosphere of the cool neutral Helium, among the other interstellar neutrals, was analyzed. The neutrals are ionized by charge exchange, photo ionization, and electron impact. Helium is focused by the Sun's gravitational field on the downwind side.

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