Physics
Scientific paper
May 2001
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2001georl..28.2133m&link_type=abstract
Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 28, Issue 10, p. 2133-2136
Physics
10
Hydrology: Groundwater Hydrology, Hydrology: Runoff And Streamflow, Physical Properties Of Rocks: Permeability And Porosity, Seismology: Earthquake Ground Motions And Engineering
Scientific paper
The effects of earthquakes on baseflow, the component of streamflow provided by groundwater, are analyzed for streams that exhibit large coseismic increases in streamflow and discharge large volumes of excess water. Although discharge Q may increase rapidly, the rate of baseflow recession dlogQ/dt is unchanged suggesting that the hydraulic conductivity of groundwater system providing baseflow does not change. For (at least) the studied streams, the coseismic increase of discharge therefore requires increased hydraulic head gradients resulting from the rapid release of water from some source of storage. The relationship between the response of streams, earthquake magnitude, and the distance of the drainage basin from the epicenter, is consistent with subsurface liquefaction being the mechanism that increases head gradients.
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