Physics – High Energy Physics – High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Scientific paper
2000-03-27
Nucl.Phys. B587 (2000) 403-418
Physics
High Energy Physics
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
17 pages with 6 eps figures
Scientific paper
10.1016/S0550-3213(00)00447-8
Thermalization of classical fields is investigated in a \phi^4 scalar field theory in 1+1 dimensions, discretized on a lattice. We numerically integrate the classical equations of motion using initial conditions sampled from various nonequilibrium probability distributions. Time-dependent expectation values of observables constructed from the canonical momentum are compared with thermal ones. It is found that a closed system, evolving from one initial condition, thermalizes to high precision in the thermodynamic limit, in a time-averaged sense. For ensembles consisting of many members with the same energy, we find that expectation values become stationary - and equal to the thermal values - in the limit of infinitely many members. Initial ensembles with a nonzero (noncanonical) spread in the energy density or other conserved quantities evolve to noncanonical stationary ensembles. In the case of a narrow spread, asymptotic values of primary observables are only mildly affected. In contrast, fluctuations and connected correlation functions will differ substantially from the canonical values. This raises doubts on the use of a straightforward expansion in terms of 1PI-vertex functions to study thermalization.
Aarts Gert
Bonini Gian Franco
Wetterich Christof
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