On the scale of mantle heterogeneity

Physics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

A data set comprising 3313 residuals measured from digital records of 429 earthquakes is analyzed for the heterogeneity of the Earth's mantle. The smoothed SS residuals reveal a large pattern of heterogeneity and agree well with the major tectonic features on the Earth's surface and the residual patterns predicted by upper mantle and whole mantle models. The spectrum of SS residuals indicates that the heterogeneity in the Earth's mantle, which probably reflects the patterns of mantle convection, is dominated by long-wavelength features.
Our analysis of the power of SS residuals as a function of harmonic degree shows a distinct difference in the rate of decrease of the power below and above degree 8. The rate is first slower than l-1, and then it exceeds l-2. This is also true for SS residuals predicted for model SH425.2 and Love wave phase velocities at 100 s measured by other researchers. This indicates that there is a preference for features with dimensions larger than 2500-3500 km.
We find that the power spectrum of the velocity anomalies associated with the subducted slabs is two orders of magnitude lower for 1 <= l <= 8 than that of velocity anomalies obtained by inversion of waveform data.
For the ocean basins, correlation of the SS residuals with the square root of age of the oceanic lithosphere is highly significant. However, the age correlation predicts only 10% of the variance. This means that the thermal signature of the spreading center represents only a small fraction of the thermal anomalies introduced into the upper mantle by convection.

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