Physics – Geophysics
Scientific paper
2011-03-09
Physics
Geophysics
Scientific paper
Long duration noisy-looking waveforms such as those obtained in randomly multiply scattering and reverberant media are complex; they resist direct interpretation. Nevertheless, such waveforms are sensitive to small changes in the source of the waves or in the medium in which they propagate. Monitoring such waveforms, whether obtained directly or obtained indirectly by noise correlation, is emerging as a technique for detecting changes in media. Interpretation of changes is in principle problematic; it is not always clear whether a change is due to sources or to the medium. Of particular interest is the detection of small changes in propagation speeds. An expression is derived here for the apparent, but illusory, waveform dilation due to a change of source. The expression permits changes in waveforms due to changes in wavespeed to be distinguished with high precision from changes due to other reasons. The theory is successfully compared with analysis of a laboratory ultrasonic data set and a seismic data set from Parkfield California.
Campillo Michel
Hadziioannou Céline
Larose Éric
Weaver Richard L.
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