Physics – Quantum Physics
Scientific paper
2008-08-21
In Post-Quantum Cryptography, volume 5299 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 165-180. Springer, October 2008.
Physics
Quantum Physics
17 pages, 1 figure
Scientific paper
10.1007/978-3-540-88403-3_12
The standard definition of quantum state randomization, which is the quantum analog of the classical one-time pad, consists in applying some transformation to the quantum message conditioned on a classical secret key $k$. We investigate encryption schemes in which this transformation is conditioned on a quantum encryption key state $\rho_k$ instead of a classical string, and extend this symmetric-key scheme to an asymmetric-key model in which copies of the same encryption key $\rho_k$ may be held by several different people, but maintaining information-theoretical security. We find bounds on the message size and the number of copies of the encryption key which can be safely created in these two models in terms of the entropy of the decryption key, and show that the optimal bound can be asymptotically reached by a scheme using classical encryption keys. This means that the use of quantum states as encryption keys does not allow more of these to be created and shared, nor encrypt larger messages, than if these keys are purely classical.
Kawachi Akinori
Portmann Christopher
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