Physics
Scientific paper
Sep 1959
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1959rspta.251..525m&link_type=abstract
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Volume 251, Issue 1001,
Physics
42
Scientific paper
Statistical features of the annual incidence of magnetic disturbance, over a very wide range of disturbance intensity and latitude, are exhaustively investigated by means of the K index and related 'planetary' indices. Two distinct and physically significant components are identified: (a) an annual component, with summer maximum and winter minimum; (b) a semi-annual component with equinoxial maxima. Both components are found in all parts of the earth. The amplitude of the annual component increases markedly with latitude, while that of the semi-annual component changes little with latitude. The physical causes of the two types of variation are finally considered. The conclusions reached are (a) that the annual component is probably caused by an atmospheric dynamo effect; (b) that the semi-annual component arises because of a systematic annual variation of the angle between the earth's magnetic axis and the sun-earth line, along which travel the solar particles which cause magnetic disturbance.
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