Nonlinear force-free magnetic fields

Physics – Space Physics

Scientific paper

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Astronomical Models, Force-Free Magnetic Fields, Solar Atmosphere, Solar Flares, Solar Magnetic Field, Stellar Evolution, Beta Particles, Electric Current, Electrical Resistivity, Photosphere, Plasma Interactions, Scalars, Stellar Magnetic Fields

Scientific paper

The nonlinear properties of force-free magnetic fields are reviewed with particular reference to the mechanisms for the sudden release of stored energy in flares during the quasi-steady evolution of solar fields. It is shown that in the solar atmosphere, force-free fields with a nonconstant scalar function in the field equations are more likely to occur than those with a constant scalar function, and the nonlinear properties of these fields may give rise to many interesting physical effects. Consideration is then given to two possible mechanisms of field evolution: a model in which a force-free field in a medium of infinite electrical conductivity evolves in response to slowly changing boundary conditions brought about by photospheric motions in the solar active region, and a model in which a field in a medium of small finite electrical conductivity evolves in response to the slow Ohmic dissipation of the electric current.

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