Non-equilibrium level populations of molecular hydrogen. I - Uniform density, static clouds

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Astronomical Models, Gas Density, Hydrogen Clouds, Molecular Clouds, Spatial Distribution, Abundance, Background Radiation, Magnetohydrodynamic Stability, Ultraviolet Radiation

Scientific paper

The time-scales on which the molecular hydrogen distributions and level populations obtain equilibrium in diffuse clouds may exceed the typical time-scales on which the clouds evolve and on which the intensity of radiation incident on them varies. The authors study the evolution of the molecular hydrogen level populations in clouds which are initially composed of purely atomic or purely molecular hydrogen, have total hydrogen nuclei number densities of 100 cm-3, and are exposed to interstellar ultraviolet background. They find that the region in which the ratio of the atomic number density to the molecular number density is of order one is very extended, as required for the production of CH+ in MHD shocks, when the density distribution has not obtained equilibrium.

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