Mechanisms of cell propulsion by active stresses

Details Mechanisms of cell propulsion by active stresses Mechanisms of cell propulsion by active stresses

Jul 2011

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011njph...13g3009c&link_type=abstract

New Journal of Physics, Volume 13, Issue 7, pp. 073009 (2011).

Physics

Scientific paper

The mechanisms by which cytoskeletal flows and cell-substrate interactions interact to generate cell motion are explored by using a simplified model of the cytoskeleton as a viscous gel containing active stresses. This model yields explicit general results relating cell speed and traction forces to the distributions of active stress and cell-substrate friction. It is found that (i) the cell velocity is given by a function that quantifies the asymmetry of the active-stress distribution, (ii) gradients in cell-substrate friction can induce motion even when the active stresses are symmetrically distributed, (iii) the traction-force dipole is enhanced by protrusive stresses near the cell edges or contractile stresses near the center of the cell and (iv) the cell velocity depends biphasically on the cell-substrate adhesion strength if active stress is enhanced by adhesion. Specific experimental tests of the calculated dependences are proposed.

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