Measuring q0 using supernovae at Z approximately 0.2

Details Measuring q0 using supernovae at Z approximately 0.2 Measuring q0 using supernovae at Z approximately 0.2

Jul 1992

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1992phdt.........3n&link_type=abstract

Ph.D. Thesis California Univ., Berkeley. Lawrence Berkeley Lab.

Physics

1

Cosmology, Deceleration, Supernovae, Telescopes, Universe, Acceleration (Physics), Charge Coupled Devices, Mathematical Models, Matter (Physics)

Scientific paper

The measurement of q0 is extremely important for understanding the quantity of matter in our universe. The measurement of q0 using supernovae of type Ia as standard candles is appealing because it requires less modeling than other methods using galaxies. The challenge with using supernovae to measure q0 is in finding enough of them. In order to find supernovas, we have constructed a very popular f/1 camera for the 3.9m Anglo-Australian Telescope. The camera uses reducing optics that put a 17 in. times 17 in. field on a 1024 times 1024 pixel Thomson CCD. Using this system, we image to 23rd magnitude in five minutes. We have developed a software package that uses image subtraction to find supernovae that are approximately magnitude 22.4 or brighter in these images. One field can be processed every 6.6 minutes on a relatively unloaded VAX 6000-6510. We estimate that this system should find one supernova in every 105-139 images (about two nights of observation on the AAT). Throughout the two years of operation, we observed the equivalent of about four nights with seeing better than two arc seconds. Although we found many candidates, we were unable to confirm any supernovae. The next generation of this search is currently using the 2.5m Isaac Newton Telescope in the Canary Islands. We have solved many problems encountered with the AAT search by targeting distant clusters of galaxies, by operating at a site that allows higher resolution imaging, and by scheduling follow-up observations. This system, although still in its infancy, has yielded one event that could be a high redshift supernova. We estimate that it will require 36 type Ia supernovae, discovered at or before maximum, to find q0 to within 0.2, and 144 such supernovae to measure q0 within 0.1. Clearly, the program will have to be expanded to find this quantity of supernovae.

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