Measurements of thermal infrared spectral reflectance of frost, snow, and ice

Details Measurements of thermal infrared spectral reflectance of frost, snow, and ice Measurements of thermal infrared spectral reflectance of frost, snow, and ice

Dec 1994

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1994jgr....9924235s&link_type=abstract

Journal of Geophysical Research, Volume 99, Issue B12, p. 24235-24240

Physics

25

Planetology: Comets And Small Bodies: Radiation And Spectra, Mineral Physics: Optical, Infrared, And Raman Spectroscopy

Scientific paper

Because much of Earth's surface is covered by frost, snow, and ice, the spectral emissivities of these materials are a significant input to radiation balance calculations in global atmospheric circulation and climate change models. Until now, however, spectral emissivities of frost and snow have been calculated from the optical constants of ice. We have measured directional hemispherical reflectance spectra of frost, snow, and ice from which emissivities can be predicted using Kirchhoff's law (e=1-R). These measured spectra show that contrary to conclusions about the emissivity of snow drawn from previously calculated spectra, snow emissivity departs significantly from blackbody behavior in the 8-14 μm region of the spectrum; snow emissivity decreases with both incresing particle size and increasing density due to packing or grain welding; while snow emissivity increases due to the presence of meltwater.

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