Measurements of L-shell ion line emission spectra for diagnostics of stellar atmospheres

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Chandra and XMM-Newton observations have found many unidentified relatively weak emission lines in astrophysical spectra taken in the 20 -- 70 ° region, which may arise from L-shell ions of astrophysically abundant elements. Current line lists are insufficient for identifying these ions. We have conducted laboratory measurements employing the Livermore electron beam ion traps to record spectra of the relevant ions at densities similar to stellar atmospheres (≤ 10^12 cm-1. We completed line lists of the nell arrow 2ell transitions for Ar IX -- Ar XVI, S VII -- S XIV, and Si V -- Si XII. Our measurements are compared to calculations using the HULLAC set of atomic computer codes, which are used to confirm line identifications. Comparing our data to Chandra observations of Procyon, we confirm identifications of some smaller lines and correct others, misidentified to element or charge state. This work was supported by NASA SARA grant W-19,878 and performed under auspices of DOE by UC-LLNL under Contract W-7405-Eng-48.

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