Maximum Efficiency of Energy Release in Spherical Collapse

Details Maximum Efficiency of Energy Release in Spherical Collapse Maximum Efficiency of Energy Release in Spherical Collapse

Jun 1970

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1970phrvd...1.3226l&link_type=abstract

Physical Review D, vol. 1, Issue 12, pp. 3226-3228

Physics

10

Scientific paper

The question of the maximum amount of energy which can be radiated by a collapsing spherical star is reexamined. On Newtonian theory, gravitational energy is negative and unbounded below, so that unlimited amounts of energy can be released. It is shown that, in the relativistic collapse of a star with non-negative energy density, self-closure always takes place before the star can release 100% of its initially positive mass energy. Moreover, under physically reasonable restrictions on the pressure, the 100% upper limit can be approached only if the star happens to pass through a very special and improbable momentarily static configuration first considered by Zel'dovich. It is concluded that for normal spherical collapse the efficiency of energy release must be low.

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