Physics – Nuclear Physics – Nuclear Experiment
Scientific paper
2010-10-20
Ann.Rev.Nucl.Part.Sci.60:53-73,2010
Physics
Nuclear Physics
Nuclear Experiment
Invited review, submitted to Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Science
Scientific paper
10.1146/annurev.nucl.012809.1045
Nuclear astrophysics strives for a comprehensive picture of the nuclear reactions responsible for synthesizing the chemical elements and for powering the stellar evolution engine. Deep underground in the Gran Sasso laboratory the cross sections of the key reactions of the proton-proton chain and of the Carbon-Nitrogen-Oxygen (CNO) cycle have been measured right down to the energies of astrophysical interest. The salient features of underground nuclear astrophysics are summarized here. The main results obtained by LUNA in the last twenty years are reviewed, and their influence on the comprehension of the properties of the neutrino, of the Sun and of the Universe itself are discussed. Future directions of underground nuclear astrophysics towards the study of helium and carbon burning and of stellar neutron sources in stars are pointed out.
Bemmerer Daniel
Broggini Carlo
Guglielmetti Alessandra
Menegazzo Roberto
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