Low loss RF cavity for high gradient linear accelerators

Details Low loss RF cavity for high gradient linear accelerators Low loss RF cavity for high gradient linear accelerators

2011-03-07

arxiv.org/abs/1103.1240v1

Physics

Accelerator Physics

RevTeX4, 6 two-column pages, 10 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

Scientific paper

Composite resonator, in the form of a spherical conducting cavity with a smaller dielectric sphere located at its center, is proposed as an accelerating unit for linacs. Electron trajectory is nearly tangent to the dielectric sphere. Interaction of an ultra relativistic electron with a convenient electromagnetic mode in such a resonator is discussed and compared to a typical accelerating unit of most linacs, i.e., a cylindrical resonator operating at the TM n = 0 mode. The lowest frequency modes for higher spherical harmonic index l > 4 concentrate near the surface of the internal dielectric sphere. This lowers significantly the skin effect losses at the conducting wall. Adding them to the losses in the non perfect dielectric sphere, we compare the result to the losses in typical operating cavities of existing linacs. Assuming that the electron trajectory segments within both cavities are the same, we calculate the ratio of the maximal electron energy gain in the spherical cavity Delta_E_s to that in the cylindrical one Delta_E_c. For an existing ultra low losses dielectric (epsilon = 10 + i 10^(-6)) and optimized field configuration, we found that Delta_E_s/Delta_E_c = 4 sqrt(P_s/P_c), where P_s and P_c are the time averaged power losses in the cavities in question. They are equal to the powers that must be supplied from external sources to sustain the field oscillations at the maximal safe level. The resonant frequency of the optimized spherical resonator f_s = 17.2 GHz, versus f_c = 2.87 GHz for a typical cylindrical resonator. The corresponding qualities are: Q_s = 7.5 x 10^6 and Q_c = 1.6 x 10^4.

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