Physics
Scientific paper
Aug 1991
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1991jspro..28..486w&link_type=abstract
Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets (ISSN 0022-4650), vol. 28, July-Aug. 1991, p. 486-488.
Physics
Earth-Mars Trajectories, Earth-Venus Trajectories, Swingby Technique, Trajectory Optimization, Ballistic Trajectories, Nasa Space Programs, Planetary Orbits
Scientific paper
The analytical determination of launch dates and proposed trajectories is reviewed with respect to the search for a low-energy trajectory to Mars with gravitational assist from Venus for the years 1995-2024. Both Ballistic and Venus-Earth gravity assist (VEGA) trajectories are calculated with an automated design tool by the authors (1990). The trajectories are modeled as conic sections from one gravitating body to the next, and gravity assist is considered to act impulsively. VEGA trajectories to Mars require similar launch energies for 6 years listed and have moderate arrival C3s, with the lowest C3 requirement in 2015. The flight time and arrival energies of the trajectories are found to be larger than those of ballistic trajectories, but the low-energy launch window makes them desirable for unmanned Mars missions, in particular.
Longuski James M.
Williams Nathan S.
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