Lorenz Gauge in Quantum Cosmology

Physics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

In a path-integral approach to quantum cosmology, the Lorenz gauge-averaging term is studied for Euclidean Maxwell theory on a portion of flat four-space bounded by two concentric three-spheres, but with arbitrary values of the gauge parameter. The resulting set of eigenvalue equations for normal and longitudinal modes of the electromagnetic potential cannot be decoupled, and is here studied with a Green-function method. This means that two equivalent equations for longitudinal and normal modes are obtained which have integro-differential nature, after inverting two differential operators of Bessel type in the original coupled system. A calculational scheme is therefore obtained for the one-loop semiclassical wave function of the universe in the presence of gauge fields. This might also lead to a better understanding of how gauge independence is actually achieved in a quantum theory of the universe.

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