Light scattering in a spherical, exponential atmosphere, with applications to Venus

Physics – Optics

Scientific paper

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Atmospheric Optics, Light Scattering, Venus Atmosphere, Brightness, Haze, Mariner 10 Space Probe, Optical Thickness, Reflected Waves, Spheres, Terminator Lines, Venus, Visible Light, Scattering, Atmosphere, Reflectivity, Thickness, Optical Properties, Analysis, Mariner 10, Altitude, Haze, Layers, Pvo, Pioneer Venus Orbiter, Comparisons, Sulfuric Acid, Water Ice, Composition, Distribution, Absorption, Ultraviolet, Wavelengths, Sulfur, Hypotheses, Calculations, Photometry, Geometry, Brightness, Imagery, Data,

Scientific paper

The problem of the reflection of light from an optically thick, spherical atmosphere in which the scatterers are distributed exponentially with a scale height small compared to the radius of the planet is discussed. Exact formal solutions are obtained for the single scattered component. Useful approximate analytic solutions, which also include multiply scattered light, are given. The results are applied to the analysis of the Mariner 10 limb and terminator images of Venus. The altitude of the "detached" haze layer discovered by Mariner 10 is at 79 - 85 km, but in places the haze exists above 100 km. This layer apparently is a stable, planetwide feature which forms at the top of the Pioneer Venus upper haze layer. It was similar in location, scale height, and thickness at the times of the two missions, in contrast to the lower, high-altitude haze which changed dramatically. The authors discuss two possibilities for the nature of the limb hazes.

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