Less is Different: Emergence and Reduction Reconciled

Details Less is Different: Emergence and Reduction Reconciled Less is Different: Emergence and Reduction Reconciled

2011-06-03

arxiv.org/abs/1106.0702v1

Foundations of Physics: Volume 41, Issue 6 (2011), Page 1065-1135 (70 pages)

Physics

History and Philosophy of Physics

75 pp

Scientific paper

10.1007/s10701-010-9516-1

This is a companion to another paper. Together they rebut two widespread philosophical doctrines about emergence. The first, and main, doctrine is that emergence is incompatible with reduction. The second is that emergence is supervenience; or more exactly, supervenience without reduction. In the other paper, I develop these rebuttals in general terms, emphasising the second rebuttal. Here I discuss the situation in physics, emphasising the first rebuttal. I focus on limiting relations between theories and illustrate my claims with four examples, each of them a model or a framework for modelling, from well-established mathematics or physics. I take emergence as behaviour that is novel and robust relative to some comparison class. I take reduction as, essentially, deduction. The main idea of my first rebuttal will be to perform the deduction after taking a limit of some parameter. Thus my first main claim will be that in my four examples (and many others), we can deduce a novel and robust behaviour, by taking the limit, N goes to infinity, of a parameter N. But on the other hand, this does not show that that the infinite limit is "physically real", as some authors have alleged. For my second main claim is that in these same examples, there is a weaker, yet still vivid, novel and robust behaviour that occurs before we get to the limit, i.e. for finite N. And it is this weaker behaviour which is physically real. My examples are: the method of arbitrary functions (in probability theory); fractals (in geometry); superselection for infinite systems (in quantum theory); and phase transitions for infinite systems (in statistical mechanics).

Affiliated with

Also associated with

No associations

Rating

Less is Different: Emergence and Reduction Reconciled does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this scientific paper.

If you have personal experience with Less is Different: Emergence and Reduction Reconciled, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Less is Different: Emergence and Reduction Reconciled will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

Comments { 0 }

Profile ID: LFWR-SCP-O-224202