Latitudinal extent of the heliospheric current sheet and modulation of galactic cosmic rays

Physics

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Current Sheets, Galactic Cosmic Rays, Heliosphere, Solar Activity Effects, Sunspot Cycle, Covariance, Latitude, Modulation, Solar Magnetic Field, Solar Rotation

Scientific paper

Possible correlations were investigated between the modulation of galactic cosmic rays and changes in the maximum heliographic latitude of the heliospheric current sheet during solar maximum. Solar photospheric magnetic field data from 1976-82 were extrapolated by means of potential theory to obtain the maximum latitudinal extent of the current sheet in the northern and southern hemispheres. The latitudinal differences were compared with terrestrial neutron flux data and Pioneer 10 data on cosmic rays with energies below 200 MeV at heliocentric distances of 10-30 AU. Account was taken for the time delay for the solar wind to propagate out to the spacecraft location. The current sheet maxima were nearly symmetrical about the solar equator except during sunspot maxima, when the solar poles were reversing. Significant changes in the latitudinal symmetry were highly correlated with the neutron data and cosmic fluctuations at Pioneer 10. The sensitivity of cosmic rays to the polarity reversals is in accordance with predictions of the gradient drift model.

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