Physics
Scientific paper
Jun 2006
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006phrvb..73u4101g&link_type=abstract
Physical Review B, vol. 73, Issue 21, id. 214101
Physics
50
Nanoscale Materials And Structures: Fabrication And Characterization, Planetary Bow Shocks, Interplanetary Shocks, High-Pressure And Shock Wave Effects In Solids And Liquids, Shock Wave Interactions And Shock Effects
Scientific paper
We present here the experimental and theoretical studies of a single femtosecond laser pulse interaction inside a bulk of transparent media (sapphire, glass, polymer). This interaction leads to the drastic transformations in a solid resulting in a void formation inside a dielectric. The laser pulse energy is absorbed within a volume of approximately 0.15μm3 creating a pressure and temperature comparable to that in the core of a strong multi-kilo-tons explosion. The material within this volume is rapidly atomized, ionized, and converted into a tiny super-hot dense cloud of expanding plasma that generates strong shock and rarefaction waves which result in the formation of a void, whose diameter is ˜200nm (for a 100nJ pulse in sapphire). The way this structure forms can be understood from high-temperature plasma hydrodynamics. We demonstrate that unique states of matter characterized by temperatures ˜105K , heating rates up to the 1018K/s , and pressures more than 100 times the strength of any material were created using a standard table-top laser in well-controlled laboratory conditions. We discuss the properties of the laser-affected solid and possible routes of laser-affected material transformation to the final state long after the pulse end. These studies will find application for the design of new materials and three-dimensional optical memory devices, and for formation of photonic band-gap crystals.
Gamaly Eugene G.
Hallo Ludovic
Juodkazis Saulius
Luther-Davies Barry
Misawa Hiroaki
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