Jets in core-collapse supernovae and in high energy density laser hydrodynamic experiments

Details Jets in core-collapse supernovae and in high energy density laser hydrodynamic experiments Jets in core-collapse supernovae and in high energy density laser hydrodynamic experiments

Oct 2003

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2003aps..dppgm1004k&link_type=abstract

American Physical Society, 45th Annual Meeting of the Division of Plasma Physics, October 27-31, 2003, Albuquerque, New Mexico,

Physics

Plasma Physics

Scientific paper

Observations of core collapse supernovae provide increasing evidence that supernova explosions are intrinsically asymmetric. An explosion model based on the assumption that bipolar, non-relativistic jets form during core collapse predicts an efficient ejection of a highly asymmetric supernova envelope and helps in understanding many of the observations. These jets have high density and their propagation through a star occurs with a high degree of pressure imbalance with surrounding stellar matter. We have designed hydrodynamically-scaled experiments to create similar jets on the Omega laser at the University of Rochester. The jet in these experiments is formed by the laser ablation of the end of a cylinder of aluminum or magnesium that is imbedded in a gold washer. The plug is allowed to accelerate through a vacuum region in the washer and then enters into and interacts with low-density foam as a jet. The jets formation and propagation were simulated in both two and three dimensions using the NRL ALLA, AWE NYM/PETRA, and LANL RAGE hydrodynamic codes (ALLA was used for both astrophysical and terrestrial jets). Results indicate that the jet's early propagation is dominated by the formation of a bow shock and by the lateral expansion caused by the jet's higher pressure. Later, the jet enters a highly non-linear stage dominated by instabilities developing near its working surface and along the jet. In the supernova jet calculations, a fraction of the ejecta is accelerated to higher velocities in the equatorial plane due to a Mach ring formation. This effect has been studied in the experiments that create a Mach ring by the collision of two plates of aluminum that have been accelerated towards each other into a CH plastic. The Mach ring forms in the CH plastic and several radiographs were obtained. We will discuss the physics of jet formation, propagation, and interaction with matter.

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