IRS Spectral Mapping of Interstellar Ices, Silicates and Gas-phase CO2

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Ices remain one of the least understood components of the interstellar medium. Yet, ice covered dust grains may be a medium within which chemical reactions take place that have no analog in the gas-phase. The wavelength coverage and great sensitivity of Spitzer/IRS offer an opportunity to revolutionize the study of interstellar ices as the 5 to 38 micron range includes a number of ice absorption features such as water ice and CO2 ice. The high resolution mode of the IRS instrument is also capable of observing gas-phase CO2 features along identical sight lines where CO2 ice is detected. We propose to obtain fully sampled spectral maps of the distribution of CO2 ices, gas-phase CO2, water ice and silicates toward a sample of 6 extended regions selected for their variety of physical conditions. These proposed maps will constitute an enormous improvement over previous discrete sight line studies since they will increase the density of sampled points by orders of magnitude. We will use this unparalleled observational database to elucidate the key environmental factors that influence interstellar ice formation, evolution and destruction, thereby affecting the formation and/or destruction of gas-phase CO2 itself.

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