Intermediate-wavelength (400-600 km), South Pacific geoidal undulations - Their relationship to linear volcanic chains

Details Intermediate-wavelength (400-600 km), South Pacific geoidal undulations - Their relationship to linear volcanic chains Intermediate-wavelength (400-600 km), South Pacific geoidal undulations - Their relationship to linear volcanic chains

Mar 1991

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1991e%26psl.102..430b&link_type=abstract

Earth and Planetary Science Letters (ISSN 0012-821X), vol. 102, no. 3-4, March 1991, p. 430-443. Research supported by Hawaii In

Physics

Geophysics

24

Ocean Surface, Pacific Ocean, Southern Hemisphere, Volcanoes, Water Waves, Earth Observations (From Space), Gravitational Effects, Plates (Tectonics), Seasat Satellites

Scientific paper

Intermediate-wavelength (400-600 km) geoidal undulations observed in Seasat data from the South Pacific appear to be: (1) much more pronounced and extensive than the short-wavelength lineations of Haxby and Weissel (1986); (2) copolar, aligned roughly parallel to the absolute motion of the Pacific plate; (3) continuous across transform faults or fracture zones; and (4) surmounted at their crests, in places, by linear volcanic seamount chains formed since 43 Myr ago. Whereas the short-wavelength lineations could be caused by shallow gravitational instabilities forming in the uppermost mantle just below the base of the lithosphere, it is argued that the intermediate-wavelength lineations result from dynamic, elastic deformation of the lithosphere caused by well-developed, secondary convection rolls extending much deeper into the upper mantle. Because individual hotspot volcanic chains invariably coincide with crestal highs of discrete positive geoid lineations, the location of the hotspots is probably controlled by the rolls.

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