Interannual Variability of Atmospheric Kelvin Wave Activity Over South America

Details Interannual Variability of Atmospheric Kelvin Wave Activity Over South America Interannual Variability of Atmospheric Kelvin Wave Activity Over South America

Dec 2006

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006agufmos51a1038k&link_type=abstract

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2006, abstract #OS51A-1038

Physics

3364 Synoptic-Scale Meteorology, 3374 Tropical Meteorology, 3389 Tides And Planetary Waves, 4504 Air/Sea Interactions (0312, 3339)

Scientific paper

Atmospheric Kelvin waves are shown to be important disturbances within Amazonia and the ITCZ over the Pacific and Atlantic. These disturbances propagate eastward at around 15 m/s and have a substantial impact on deep convection, as measured by rain gauges and satellite irradiance. During warm ENSO events, Kelvin wave activity is enhanced in the Pacific and the waves propagate into South America and on through the Atlantic to Africa, apparently unimpeded by the presence of the Andes. When equatorial Pacific sea surface temperatures are near normal or cold, Kelvin wave activity is suppressed over the eastern Pacific, but there is still substantial activity to the east of the Andes. In these cases Kelvin waves are frequently excited by incursions of mid-latitude air into Amazonia, characterized by lower tropospheric high pressure surges trapped along the eastern flank of the Andes. These pressure surges are shown to lead to convective events along the equator and subsequently to the formation of Kelvin waves which then propagate eastward with their usual properties. Strong extratropical wavetrain signatures over the South Pacific precede the development of the equatorward incursions leading to the Kelvin waves, indicating that such events may be predictable in numerical models several days in advance.

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