In Search of Real Solar Twins - Part Three

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Spectroscopy, Stars: Visual Binaries, Stellar Atmospheres, Stellar Evolution, Abundances, Chromospheric Activity

Scientific paper

A very careful high resolution, high S/N spectroscopic detailed analysis has been carried out for the components of the binary system 16 Cygni A and B. Both stars are photometric solar analogs, and 16 Cyg B is claimed to be one of the stars whose physical parameters are most similar to those of the Sun. To study the degree to which these stars are solar analogs in their fundamental physical parameters, we present a new, differential, detailed analysis with respect to the Sun, and discuss their derived effective temperatures, chemical compositions, spectroscopic gravities, state of evolution, and age. This new analysis shows that the atmospheric parameters of the two stars are much more similar than previously realized. They share a common solar microturbulent velocity and a common chemical composition, being only very slightly metal rich relative to the Sun. Their effective temperatures are solar to within about 20 K, and detailed analyses show 16 Cyg A to be very slightly hotter and 16 Cyg B very slightly cooler than the Sun. The spectroscopic gravities found in this analysis confirm those derived from the parallax of the binary system, and indicate that both components are more evolved, i.e. older, or more massive than the Sun. Finally, a new determination of the solar B-V color has been made using the new detailed analyses results for these photometric solar analogs.

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