Imaging studies of Jupiter's H3+ infrared aurora

Physics

Scientific paper

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[2407] Ionosphere / Auroral Ionosphere

Scientific paper

Jupiter's infrared aurora is mainly due to emissions from the H3+ molecular ion, an important constituent of the ionosphere generated by solar EUV ionization and impact ionization from magnetospheric sources. Despite many studies of the infrared aurora using spectroscopic observations and extensive observations of the UV auroral morphology using the Hubble Space Telescope, there have been very few published imaging studies in the infrared. We present images of Jupiter's H3+ aurora recorded in August 2009 using at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility. A narrow-band filter centered at 3.42 um on the NSFCam2 instrument was used. The archive of previous H3+ images, also collected using narrow-band H3+ filters, was also reexamined. At these wavelengths methane absorption supresses continuum emission, isolating the H3+ emissions. However, this dark body of the planet makes limb detection and determination of the planet disc center required for accurate mapping challenging. We demonstrate the usefulness of the image segmentation algorithm VOronoi Image SEgmentation (VOISE) of Guio and Achilleos (2009) for these purposes. These sets of images were analyzed in order to investigate the Io footprint structure and the morphology and variability and height of emission of the infrared aurora as compared with the UV aurora.

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