Hypothesis testing for meagre data sets

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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9

Methods: Data Analysis, Methods: Statistical, X-Rays: General

Scientific paper

Improved χ2 statistics are defined for both Poisson and multinomial data sets. Numerical experiments with the Nousek-Shue test problem from X-ray spectroscopy indicate that, in contrast to Pearson's statistic X2, these modified statistics remain approximately valid at the 2σ level of significance even when the mean counts per bin is <<1 provided that the total counts N>~30. The simplest of the proposed statistics is formally equivalent to carrying out a goodness-of-fit test with Pearson's statistic but with modified confidence limits, and this procedure is recommended.

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