Physics – Optics
Scientific paper
Apr 2010
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2010alman...5...10w&link_type=abstract
ALMA Newsletter, vol. 5, p. 10-17
Physics
Optics
Alma
Scientific paper
The invention of the optical telescope by Galileo 400 years ago marked the beginning of modern astronomy. Galileo used glass lenses mounted in a tube to construct his telescope. This allowed him to collect more light and to distinguish details that could not be seen with the unaided eye. The same principle applies to any single aperture optical telescopes such as the ten meter diameter Keck telescope, the 8 meter Subaru telescope on Mauna Kea, or the four 8-m units of the Very Large Telescope on Paranal: they allow us to investigate very faint optical phenomena whose details cannot be studied with the unaided eye. The evolution of optical instruments also includes detector systems: first the unaided eye, then photographic plates, and today Charge Coupled Devices (CCDs) or detectors that are sensitive to "invisible light", such as X-rays, UV and Infrared Radiation, and radio waves. Fluctuations in the earth's atmosphere smear images, but astronomers have learned to improve image quality by techniques such as adaptive optics or speckle interferometry.
Hales A.
Mauersberger Rainer
Wilson Thomas L.
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